Thermal analysis of the TOF lead target at CERN
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Data
2001-03-16
Autori
Aragonese, Cosimo
Buono, Stefano
Maciocco, Luca
Moreau, Vincent
Sorrentino, Luca
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Abstract
The lead target at the Time Of Flight (TOF) facility at CERN, currently under
commissioning, undergoes relevant temperature transients due to the intensity of the
four 20 GeV/c pulses of 7 x 1012 protons, carrying an energy of 21.4 kJ delivered in 7 ns
each. A 3D thermal analysis of the target system in both steady-state and transient conditions has been performed using the finite volume commercial code StarCD coupled with the results from Fluka simulations.
Results show that the maximum temperature inside the lead target using the parameters
of the TOF commissioning phase (4 pulses every 1.2 s in a 14.4 s super-cycle) is 127°C
at steady-state operations, which is an acceptable value, compatible with safe and
durable target operations. A significant improvement could be obtained by doubling the
beam size (108°C maximum temperature in the bulk of the central block).
The transients coming from the pulsed operation are not such as to create structural
problems related to thermal fatigue. It is interesting to notice that the thermal
oscillation in the hottest point in the bulk of the central block is much lower in the case
where the 4 pulses are spaced of 3.6 s during the PS super-cycle (about 20°C), than in
the case where they are spaced of only 1.2 s (about 40° C).
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Keywords
spallation target , 3D thermal analysis , time of flight (TOF)